3 ways to protect your money if the U.S. defaults on its debt (2024)

Preschool teacher Jaqueline Benitez depends on California's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to help pay for food. If the debt ceiling isn't raised, SNAP and other federal payments would be delayed. (AP Photo/Allison Dinner) Allison Dinner/AP hide caption

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3 ways to protect your money if the U.S. defaults on its debt (2)

Preschool teacher Jaqueline Benitez depends on California's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to help pay for food. If the debt ceiling isn't raised, SNAP and other federal payments would be delayed. (AP Photo/Allison Dinner)

Allison Dinner/AP

If the U.S. defaults on its debt, the fallout could be huge for Americans.

And not just for retirees who may not get Social Security payments on time, or military veterans who may have trouble accessing benefits, or federal employees and contractors who may see a lag in payments owed to them. The cost of borrowing money would soar, making it harder for everyone to buy homes, cars, or pay off credit card debts.

It could make things worse for families at a time when many are already under financial strain. Inflation remains high, and Americans have racked up almost $1 trillion in credit card debt. That's up 17% from a year ago, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Business

Here's what could happen in markets if the U.S. defaults. Hint: It won't be pretty

The Treasury Department says Congress has until June 1 to raise the federal debt limit. With negotiations still going and time running out, here are some ways to prepare your finances for a worst-case debt default scenario.

Tried and true basics

"We're advising people to prepare for a potential default as you would for an impending recession," says Anna Helhoski of NerdWallet.

That means tamping down on excess spending, making a budget, and shoring up emergency savings to cover at least three months of living expenses.

Since a debt default would likely send interest rates soaring, any credit card debt you're saddled with may soon cost you more. Personal finance experts advise paying off those debts with the highest interest rates as quickly as possible.

While tightening finances, you may find that keeping up with car payments or a home mortgage will become a struggle. Helhoski recommends reaching out to lenders early to discuss any options for lowering payments, adding that the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development has "housing counselors who can also help homeowners explore any alternatives to delinquency and anything that would have long lasting impacts on their credit."

Retirees should aim to have a year's worth of essential spending at their disposal, unbound from any longer-term investments, since they "may not have a [Social Security] check anymore," says Rob Williams, managing director of financial planning and wealth management at Charles Schwab. Al Bello/Getty Images hide caption

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Al Bello/Getty Images

3 ways to protect your money if the U.S. defaults on its debt (5)

Retirees should aim to have a year's worth of essential spending at their disposal, unbound from any longer-term investments, since they "may not have a [Social Security] check anymore," says Rob Williams, managing director of financial planning and wealth management at Charles Schwab.

Al Bello/Getty Images

Don't panic

The stock market will certainly take a hit if the U.S. defaults on its debt. At moments, the losses could seem significant to anyone with investments or retirement accounts.

But for those with diversified portfolios who aren't nearing retirement, investment experts advise that you stay the course.

"Fight your worst instinct to act on the news," says Teresa Ghilarducci, labor economist and retirement security expert at The New School. "All the academic research shows that if you buy and hold, you will do so much better than if you try to follow market trends, whether that be responding to an economic crisis or a recession."

Historically, markets have roared back after major declines. Stocks rebounded following the Arab oil embargo in the 1970s, Black Monday in the '80s, the dot-com bubble of the early aughts, and certainly the 2008 financial crisis, according to an analysis by MFS Investment Management of market recoveries dating back to the Great Depression.

Act fast, or postpone big purchases

If you're in the market for a new car or home, what you can afford today may be well beyond reach in a matter of weeks. It may be wise to close that deal on a new car now. And make sure your interest rate is locked in, if you are working towards closing on a home.

Real estate website Zillow estimates mortgage rates could reach 8.4% in the event of a default, which would send a chill through a housing market already on ice thanks to the interest rate hikes of the last year.

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"You'll see a dramatic drop in buyers and when that happens, then you're going to see property prices fall, a halt on different construction and home improvement projects," says Artin Babayan, a home loan officer based in Los Angeles.

By some estimates, housing activity accounts for nearly a fifth of the U.S. economy. A stall in the real-estate market would reverberate, Babayan notes.

"I think it'll really screw up the economy," he adds.

3 ways to protect your money if the U.S. defaults on its debt (2024)

FAQs

What is the safest place for money if the government defaults? ›

Money market accounts are worth considering as well; they're FDIC-insured, and combine features of checking and savings accounts. U.S. government securities—such as Treasury notes, bills, and bonds—have historically been considered extremely safe because the U.S. government has never defaulted on its debt.

How do I prepare for a US debt default? ›

That means tamping down on excess spending, making a budget, and shoring up emergency savings to cover at least three months of living expenses. Since a debt default would likely send interest rates soaring, any credit card debt you're saddled with may soon cost you more.

What happens to my money if the US defaults? ›

The dollar is a global reserve currency and U.S. bonds are seen as one of the most stable investments on the planet. So if the U.S. cannot pay its creditors, interest rates on U.S. debt would go up, creating a cascade of higher interest rates. So mortgage rates, credit card rates, car loan rates.

What to invest in if the US defaults? ›

Gold: The Traditional Safe Haven

“If the debt ceiling is not raised and the government defaults on its debt obligations, investors may turn to gold and other precious metals to protect their wealth.”

Are CDs safe if government defaults? ›

While no one knows precisely what a default would entail, consumers can rest assured that their Treasuries and certificates of deposit are reasonably safe.

Can banks seize your money if the economy fails? ›

Banks during recessions FAQs

Your money is safe in a bank, even during an economic decline like a recession. Up to $250,000 per depositor, per account ownership category, is protected by the FDIC or NCUA at a federally insured financial institution.

What happens to social security if the US defaults? ›

Though trust funds are in place to support Social Security payments to recipients in the event of a debt default, they could be depleted if the United States enters into a debt default.

What will happen to money market funds if the government defaults? ›

If the security accounts for 0.5 percent or more of the fund's portfolio, the fund also must report the default to the SEC. In addition, the US government's failure to pay its obligations could trigger a severe downgrade of its short-term credit rating by NRSROs.

Will the stock market crash if the US defaults on its debt? ›

Stocks, corporate debt and the value of the dollar would probably plummet. Volatility could be extreme, not just in the United States but across the world. In 2011, around when lawmakers struck a last-minute deal to avoid breaching the debt limit, the S&P 500 fell 17 percent in just over two weeks.

Do banks lose money on defaults? ›

Banks lose money on defaults in two ways. First, they lose all future interest payments that would have been made on the loan. Technically, this isn't "revenue" until the interest is calculated for each month and "accrues" on the loan; therefore, it doesn't show on the balance sheet one way or the other.

Are T bills safe if the government defaults? ›

Yes. Treasury can roll over maturing coupon securities on the maturity date without affecting its outstanding debt or remaining cash balance as long as it makes the coupon payment due on the same day, according to JPMorgan. Treasury bills are more complicated as they are sold at a discount and then repaid at par.

What happens to your money if the issuer defaults? ›

After a default, what a bondholder receives, and when they receive it, is unknown in advance. An investor may attempt to sell a defaulted bond in the secondary market or hold it through the bankruptcy process, but the proceeds would likely be far less than the bond's original value.

What happens to gold if the US defaults on debt? ›

"Gold is typically a stable asset that holds its worth over time. The precious metal is often not affected by inflation or fluctuations in currency values, making it a go-to option for investors looking to safeguard their assets. If the United States defaults on its debt, gold may prove to be a wise investment choice."

What happens to mortgages if US defaults? ›

A U.S. default could downgrade the country's credit rating, which means an increase in risk. With the increased risk, there would be increased interest rates. Since debt ceiling talks came into focus this month, the yield on the US 10 Year Treasury, which is the mortgage benchmark, has gone up from 3.31% to 3.74%.

Should I get my money out of the stock market? ›

Unlike the rapidly dwindling balance in your brokerage account, cash will still be in your pocket or in your bank account in the morning. However, while moving to cash might feel good mentally and help you avoid short-term stock market volatility, it is unlikely to be a wise move over the long term.

Where is the safest place to put money if banks collapse? ›

1. Federal Bonds. The U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve (Fed) would be more than happy to take your funds and issue you securities in return. A U.S. government bond still qualifies in most textbooks as a risk-free security.

Are money markets safe if government defaults? ›

Even if the Treasury does default, money market fund experts point to several reasons why a repeat of the Reserve Primary Fund debacle is extremely unlikely. A U.S. debt default would affect only a small number of Treasury securities, namely those that mature on the date that the Treasury's cash runs out.

Where is the safest place to keep your money during a recession? ›

If you're wondering where to put your money in a recession, consider a high-yield savings account, money market account, CD or bonds. They can provide safe places to store some of your savings. It's worth noting that a recession doesn't mean you should pull all your money out of the stock market.

What is the safest account to keep money in? ›

Here are some low-risk options.
  • Checking accounts. If you put your savings in a checking account, you'll be able to get to it easily. ...
  • Savings accounts. ...
  • Money market accounts. ...
  • Certificates of deposit. ...
  • Fixed rate annuities. ...
  • Series I and EE savings bonds. ...
  • Treasury securities. ...
  • Municipal bonds.
Oct 18, 2023

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