Leverage Amplifies Gains and Losses — and Expectations - dummies (2024)

Leverage refers to the multiple applied to your available margin collateral, which translates into the maximum size of your market position. Leverage is typically expressed as a multiplier rate (like 10 times or 20 times) or a ratio (like 10:1 or 20:1). If the leverage rate is 10-times/ratio is 10:1, for example, and you have $1,000 of available margin, you’re able to hold a maximum position equal to $10,000.

Online currency trading firms typically offer higher leverage ratios than you may be familiar with from trading stocks on margin. Leverage ratios among currency brokers are typically on the order of 100:1 for standard-size accounts (100,000 trade-lot size) and 200:1 for mini-accounts (10,000 trade-lot size).

Recent regulatory changes around the world have limited maximum leverage ratios to lower levels, such as 20:1 in Hong Kong or 50:1 in the United States, which is more than sufficient for individual traders.

Be wary of forex brokerage firms that offer super-sized leverage. Some offerings are up to 400-times leverage, or 400:1. You are strongly discouraged from employing that much leverage. As well, regulatory limits on leverage have seen some traders go jurisdiction shopping, looking for the highest leverage available, but ending up in dodgy locales that may carry additional risks.

Leverage is a great trading tool, allowing traders with less capital to participate in markets that they couldn’t trade otherwise. But leverage is still just a tool. As with any other tool (think of a chainsaw here), if you learn how to use it properly, you’ll be able to get the job done faster and easier. But if you don’t learn how it works, and respect it, you’re asking for trouble.

Most people see only the upside benefits of leverage — the larger the position on a profitable trade, the larger the profit, right? Yes, leverage will magnify your gains, but it’ll also magnify your losses — the larger the position on a losing trade, the larger the loss you’ll experience. You need to have a healthy respect for the downside risk in trading, or you won’t last very long.

Take an example of a $100,000/lot-size account with $10,000 in initial margin deposited at a 50:1 leverage ratio. That margin balance translates into a maximum position size of $500,000, or five lots. If you were to take a position in USD/JPY at 90.00 using the maximum position size available, every pip change in USD/JPY is worth about $55.55 ([$500,000 x 0.01 pips] / 90.00 = $55.55).

But USD/JPY is regularly subject to 50- to 100-pip price swings in a single day (or more). If you’re positioned the wrong way, you could lose around $2,778 to $5,555 in the course of a normal, run-of-the-mill trading day. That’s about 28 percent to 55 percent of your trading capital in just one trade!

The key here is to avoid being seduced by leverage. Just because you’re able to get 100:1 leverage doesn’t mean you have to use it all. Trading a larger position may seem sexy, but no one ever said prudent, risk-aware trading was supposed to be sexy. Use leverage as a tool to facilitate your trading strategies, not as an ego booster.

About This Article

This article is from the book:

About the book authors:

Paul Mladjenovic is a renowned certified financial planner and investing consultant. He has authored six editions of the bestselling Stock Investing For Dummies and is frequently interviewed by media outlets including MarketWatch, Kitco, OANN, and more.

Paul Mladjenovic is a national speaker, a consultant, and the author of Stock Investing For Dummies, High-Level Investing For Dummies, and Investing in Gold and Silver For Dummies. He was a Certified Financial Planner during 1985–2021, and he was a financial and business educator for over 40 years. He is the CEO of RavingCapitalist.com.

Paul Mladjenovic is a national speaker, a consultant, and the author of Stock Investing For Dummies, High-Level Investing For Dummies, and Investing in Gold and Silver For Dummies. He was a Certified Financial Planner during 1985–2021, and he was a financial and business educator for over 40 years. He is the CEO of RavingCapitalist.com.

This article can be found in the category:

Leverage Amplifies Gains and Losses — and Expectations  - dummies (2024)

FAQs

How does leverage amplify gains? ›

Leverage is the strategy of using of borrowed money to increase investment power. An investor borrows money to make an investment, and the investment's gains are used to pay back the loan. Leverage can magnify potential returns, but it also amplifies potential losses.

How does leverage work for dummies? ›

For example, if you decide to use leverage when trading stocks or shares, you can buy an increased amount of shares. So, with a leverage of 10:1, your money is amplified 10 times, if it is 30:1, then your exposure is amplified by 30 times, and so on.

What happens when leverage increases? ›

This ratio indicates that the higher the degree of financial leverage, the more volatile earnings will be. Since interest is usually a fixed expense, leverage magnifies returns and EPS. This is good when operating income is rising, but it can be a problem when operating income is under pressure.

Does the use of leverage magnify the potential losses you can make on CFDs? ›

Leveraged products, like spread betting and CFDs, magnify your potential profits and losses.

What is leverage in simple words? ›

to use something that you already have in order to achieve something new or better: We can gain a market advantage by leveraging our network of partners. SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases.

How does margin amplify losses? ›

By borrowing on margin, investors use leverage to increase their purchasing power and magnify gains. However, margin trading can also magnify losses if the stock or security declines in value.

How do you use leverage for beginners? ›

As a beginner trader, it is crucial to start with low leverage. This will help you to limit your losses and learn how to manage your risk effectively. A good rule of thumb is to start with leverage of 1:10 or lower. This means that for every $1,000 in your trading account, you can control a position worth $10,000.

What is the best way to explain leverage? ›

Leverage is the use of borrowed money (called capital) to invest in a currency, stock, or security. The concept of leverage is very common in forex trading. By borrowing money from a broker, investors can trade larger positions in a currency.

Why is leverage so risky? ›

Leverage can multiply your losses every bit as much as it can multiply your profits – which makes it a risky tool. But that doesn't necessarily mean you should avoid it altogether. Next, we'll look at how you can handle leverage sensibly.

How does leverage magnify losses? ›

Using leverage can result in much higher downside risk, sometimes resulting in losses greater than your initial capital investment. On top of that, brokers and contract traders often charge fees, premiums, and margin rates and require you to maintain a margin account with a specific balance.

How does leverage affect profit and loss? ›

Does Leverage Affect Your Unrealized P&L? The answer is no. On Bybit, the main function of applying leverage is to determine the initial margin rate required to open your position, and selecting higher leverage does not directly amplify your profits.

Does leverage increase expected return? ›

This note tries to answer that question. How does one look for the required return on equity, to use to discount the cash flows in a project? Leverage (debt) increases the expected rate of return on the equity.

Does leverage increase profit? ›

Increased Profit Potential

One of the main advantages of using leverage is the ability to generate higher profits. By borrowing funds to invest in assets, traders can magnify their gains. For example, if a trader invests $10,000 in stock and the stock rises by 10%, they would make a profit of $1,000.

Why is CFD trading illegal in the US? ›

CFDs are illegal in the US because they are an over-the-counter (OTC) trading product. OTC trading products aren't listed on regulated exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), bypassing US regulatory bodies. However, US traders have alternatives such as forex, options and stocks.

Does leverage multiply losses? ›

Increased losses

Just as leverage can amplify profits, it can magnify losses, too. Even a small adverse price movement can result in significant capital erosion. For instance, you have $1,000 in your account, and you're leveraged at 10:1. A 10% adverse price movement can wipe out your entire capital.

How leverage amplifies returns? ›

Leverage refers to using debt (borrowed funds) to amplify returns from an investment or project. Companies can use leverage to invest in growth strategies. Some investors use leverage to multiply their buying power in the market.

How does leverage amplify returns in an LBO? ›

Enhanced returns: The leverage used in LBOs can significantly amplify the returns on equity. As the company repays its acquiring debt, the equity value — representing the residue interest in the company — increases in value, assuming the company's earnings are stable or growing.

How leverage is an advantage? ›

One of the main advantages of leverage in trading is the ability to generate higher returns. Financial leverage increases the impact of each dollar you invest. With leverage, traders can earn larger profits than they could with their capital alone.

What are the positive effects of leverage? ›

Advantages of Leverage

It will help the company to enhance the returns on its assets. The returns generated from the assets can be used to pay off the debt. Leverage in personal finance offers access to additional funds.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Greg O'Connell

Last Updated:

Views: 5946

Rating: 4.1 / 5 (62 voted)

Reviews: 93% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Greg O'Connell

Birthday: 1992-01-10

Address: Suite 517 2436 Jefferey Pass, Shanitaside, UT 27519

Phone: +2614651609714

Job: Education Developer

Hobby: Cooking, Gambling, Pottery, Shooting, Baseball, Singing, Snowboarding

Introduction: My name is Greg O'Connell, I am a delightful, colorful, talented, kind, lively, modern, tender person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.