Why am I losing money in a CD account?
The most common way people lose money through a CD account is by withdrawing their funds before the term ends. When you take money out of your CD account before the maturity date, you'll typically have to pay an early withdrawal penalty.
Inflation erodes the purchasing power of your money over time, and if your CD's interest rate isn't keeping up with inflation, you're essentially losing money. For example, if your CD earns a 2% annualized return but inflation is running at 3%, you're actually losing 1% of your purchasing power every year.
CD rates don't change on a set schedule. Instead, the federal funds rate fluctuates based on the goals of the Federal Reserve. This rate decreased twice during the pandemic and reached an all-time low, but it has increased 11 times since March 2022.
Banks and credit unions often charge an early withdrawal penalty for taking funds from a CD ahead of its maturity date. This penalty can be a flat fee or a percentage of the interest earned. In some cases, it could even be all the interest earned, negating your efforts to use a CD for savings.
One major drawback of a CD is that account holders can't easily access their money if an unanticipated need arises. They typically have to pay a penalty for early withdrawals, which can eat up interest and can even result in the loss of principal. “During times of uncertainty, liquidity is often paramount.
CDs issued at federally insured banks and credit unions are protected by federal deposit insurance, meaning your money is protected up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured institution, per ownership category.
Are CDs worth it? A CD may be the best option for some of your cash if you can afford to lose access to it for the duration of the term and if the CD's interest rate is competitive. CDs work best for specific, short-term savings goals, like down payments, vacations or weddings.
The decision to open a CD now or wait depends on many factors, including interest rates, when you'll need to access the funds and the state of your emergency fund. In general, when rates are high — as they are now — opening a CD allows you to maximize your earnings even if rates go down in the future.
Are CDs safe if the market crashes? Putting your money in a CD doesn't involve putting your money in the stock market. Instead, it's in a financial institution, like a bank or credit union. So, in the event of a market crash, your CD account will not be impacted or lose value.
"CD rates will most likely drop and drop substantially in 2024," says Robert Johnson, professor of finance at Heider College of Business at Creighton University. "The biggest reason is the likelihood of Federal Reserve rate cuts later this year."
How much does a $10,000 CD make in a year?
Top Nationwide Rate (APY) | Balance at Maturity | |
---|---|---|
6 months | 5.76% | $ 10,288 |
1 year | 6.18% | $ 10,618 |
18 months | 5.80% | $ 10,887 |
2 year | 5.60% | $ 11,151 |
This CD will earn $117.15 on $500 over five years, which means your deposit will grow by 23.4%.
A certificate of deposit offers a fixed interest rate that's usually higher than what a regular savings account offers. The tradeoff is you agree to keep your money in the CD for a set amount of time, typically three months to five years.
The specific amount you put into a CD depends on your personal finances. The best way to decide how much money to put into a CD is to figure out how much cash you can afford to part with for an extended amount of time. While that amount will be different for everyone, you should keep a few things in mind.
Use Multiple CDs to Manage Interest Rates
Multiple CDs can help you capitalize on interest rate changes if you believe CD rates will change over time. You might put some cash into a higher-rate 6-month CD and the remainder into a 24-month bump-up CD that allows you to take advantage of CD rate increases over time.
A one-year CD typically offers a higher interest rate than shorter-term CDs, such as three-month CDs and six-month CDs. Offers higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts.
Unlike traditional or high-yield savings accounts, which have variable APYs, most CDs lock your money into a fixed interest rate the day you open the account. That's why if you suspect that interest rates will soon drop, it can be a good idea to put money in a CD to preserve the high APY you would earn.
The FDIC Covers CDs in the Event of Bank Failure
But the recent regional banking turmoil may have you concerned about your investment in case of a bank failure. CDs are treated by the FDIC like other bank accounts and will be insured up to $250,000 if the bank is a member of the agency.
Remember, it's possible that in two or three years from now, CDs will be paying 2.5% interest at best. So if you can lock in a 5-year CD at 5% now, that means that once things reach that point, you'll continue to earn more interest on your money while savers opening new CDs will be signing up to earn much less.
Retirement accounts like 401(k)s and IRAs offer tax advantages and potentially higher returns in the long run. Early withdrawal penalties can minimize returns. Taking money out of a CD early can result in hefty fees. The penalty depends on the account terms but could equal more than a year's worth of interest.
Is a $1000 CD worth it?
The bottom line
The more you deposit into a CD, the more you'll make. But with today's CD rates the highest they've been in years, you don't have to deposit a lot to make a substantial return. Even a $1,000 deposit could earn you significantly more money than you would have received with a regular savings account.
The best 1-year CDs could earn $2,625 in interest on $50,000. The best 2- to 5-year CDs could earn between $2,250 and $2,375 in interest on $50,000 per year.
Is it worth putting money into a CD? For some people, it can be worth putting money into a CD. If a person is seeking a riskless investment with a modest return, CDs are a good bet—you'll earn a higher rate than you would with a checking or savings account, but you'll have to commit your funds for a fixed period.
Short-term CD rates are unusually high right now, but they could drop throughout the year. Long-term CDs could enable you to secure a higher interest rate for years to come. If you're not comfortable locking your money up for a while, a CD probably isn't right for you.
The bottom line
Overall, long-term CDs could be a good investment for those who want to lock in guaranteed returns at a relatively high rate in early 2024. But as the year progresses, if interest rates fall as expected, then long-term CDs could lose some of their appeal.
References
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